Session 2: “Sampling and Measurement of Powder and Composite Materials”
Since XPS analyzes an extremely shallow region of only a few nm from the surface, results can vary significantly depending on how the sample is handled. This session will provide a practical, easy-to-understand explanation covering the basics of sampling, how to handle powder samples — for which demand has been growing in recent years — and measures for dealing with charge-up in composite materials, particularly battery materials.